How to Start A Dirt Substrate Planted Aquarium
1 inch = 2,5 cm
10% vattenbyte två till tre gånger pr år.
Ljus 24/7 seven dom första 2 veckorna.
50 till 75% av akvariet med plantor.
The dirt
0:13is comprised of four
0:15items and the supplement is
0:1715 different minerals. So what you’re
0:20creating is a natural environment
0:23possible for it to sustain
0:25itself virtually indefinitely.
0:33Well hello, come right on in.
0:35You’re at Father Fish.
0:39The dirt is comprised of four items.
0:42Number one, it’s 50%
0:44some kind of humic material.
0:47Now I use peat moss because peat moss is
0:50still available in the U.S.
0:53It’s not in Europe
0:54and it’s not in Canada.
0:56You can use choir, C O I R
0:59that’s coconut fiber.
1:02You can use ground up
1:04leaves, not green leaves.
1:07The leaves that fall from the
1:09trees this time of the year.
1:12It’s very important if you’re going to
1:14use leaves, not to pick them off the tree
1:17and dry them because they
1:19will contain all of the sugars.
1:22So any kind of humic material,
1:25that’s 50% of the soil layer.
1:2825% is some kind of compost.
1:34Any kind of compost at all.
1:36It doesn’t matter what it is.
1:38It can be pond muck.
1:41It can be Black Kow.
1:43It can be compost from your compost.
1:46Any kind of composted material.
1:49So it’s organic that’s broken down.
1:52The third item is soil.
1:54All of this happens in soil.
1:58The third item is 25%.
2:00So we’ve got 50% humus, 25% soil,
2:0525% organics, and then 10%
2:10Father Fish supplement.
2:12And the supplement is
2:13about 15 different minerals.
2:17Any one of which could not
2:19exist in the mix you have.
2:22Any one of which
2:23could be quickly depleted.
2:25What this does is bring those minerals
2:28into the material such that
2:31they will be there as needed.
2:34The reason for this
2:35is really very simple.
2:37You can’t go back in and add them.
2:40You can put fertilizer in the water, but
2:43that’s in the water.
2:44And fertilizer is a problem anyway,
2:47because it screws with
2:49the hormonal activity
2:52that the plant is engaged in.
2:55Another element that we put in that
2:58substrate is buffers.
3:01And we’ve got a number
3:02of different buffers.
3:04Lime is one.
3:05Bone meal is another.
3:07Sodium bicarbonate is another.
3:09A fourth one is ditomation third.
3:12All of which prevent the
3:14substrate from becoming acidic.
3:16If it comes acidic, it becomes deadly.
3:20All of these elements, as they become
3:22part of the plant life,
3:24part of the life of the other
3:25microorganisms in that soil,
3:29will be converted as those elements die
3:32and be returned to the
3:34soil in the life cycle.
3:36So it all cycles.
3:38It cycles as an environment.
3:40So what you’re creating is a natural
3:42environment that cycles all of the
3:45elements of that environment
3:47in a way that makes it possible for it to
3:50sustain itself virtually indefinitely.
3:56Now, once the soil is put together,
3:59put water in it, create a mud,
4:02let it sit for a day.
4:04Of that material, you want no more than
4:07one inch in a tank less than 55 gallons.
4:13If it’s bigger than 55 gallons, you can
4:16add another half inch up to 100 gallons.
4:20At 100 gallons plus,
4:22you can go to two inches.
4:24In my 200 gallon tank,
4:26I never went beyond two inches.
4:29It’s very important to have double the
4:32amount of sand as there is soil.
4:35So in less than a 55 gallon tank, one
4:38inch of the soil
4:39mixture, two inches of sand.
4:42And the reason for this is the soil is
4:45going to rise up in the sand, but it will
4:48only come up as deep as it is.
4:50In other words, it’ll come up
4:52about one inch into the sand.
4:54So if you’ve got two inches, it’s not
4:57going to escape into the water column.
5:00It’ll still be in the sand bed.
5:03And as it does rise up, the plant roots
5:06will be able to use that as nutrients.
5:09In the beginning, when you first set this
5:11tank up, the organics
5:13are extremely active.
5:15You’ve got a lot of bubbling, a lot of gas,
5:17a lot of chelation going on.
5:20Put a dish or a bowl or
5:22a plastic bag over it.
5:24Put the water in when it’s full to within
5:26an inch or two of
5:28the top to take it out.
5:29Immediately plant plants.
5:33You want 50 to 75% of the tank in plants.
5:39It’s not one or two
5:41plants, 10 or 20 or 30 or 40.
5:44You want a lot of plants.
5:47You need it heavily
5:48planted from the beginning.
5:51The best kind of plants to put in there
5:53are stem plants, Valestaria,
5:58chain swords, those kinds of things that are
6:01fast-growing plants,
6:03Anacaris, which is a stem plant.
6:06Things are going to grow quickly, take
6:08hold and begin cycling immediately.
6:12Plants remove ammonia directly.
6:15If you have plants in there, you may test
6:17for ammonia, but you don’t need to worry
6:19about it because the
6:21plants are controlling.
6:22If the roots of the plants are planted
6:25down into the dirt, they will burn.
6:27It will kill the plant.
6:29So you never plant below one inch.
6:32Let the roots find their nutrition.
6:35Don’t introduce that directly.
6:37Roots are really good
6:38at finding nutrition.
6:40You don’t need to put them
6:41all the way down in there.
6:43If you’re doing a brand new tank, the
6:45plant is going to die.
6:47There’s a process
6:47called chelation that occurs.
6:50Chelation is simply what happens when
6:53minerals or compounds are
6:55put together that are active.
6:57They’re active with each
6:59other or react with each other.
7:01The less reactive they are
7:03and the more stable they become.
7:05Eventually, they become helane.
7:08They become no longer
7:10active with each other.
7:12That’s what happens
7:13in that deep substrate.
7:15We got elements in there, chemicals in
7:17there that are in process of chelation.
7:20That takes a few months to complete.
7:23It can take as long as five months.
7:25Usually, it’s two to three months.
7:27So you’re going to have
7:28gas bubbles coming off.
7:29The gas is CO2 and nitrogen.
7:33Nothing that’s dangerous, nothing that’s
7:36going to create a problem at all.
7:38You’ve got buffers in there that are
7:40preventing it from becoming acidic.
7:42It’s not going to be tough.
7:45The next day, day two,
7:47put a few fish in the tank.
7:49The tank will already be in process of
7:53balancing ammonia to nitrates.
7:56The nitrogen cycle
7:57will already be in place.
8:00It will already be occurring.
8:02The plants will be
8:03absorbing ammonia as it’s created.
8:06Now, clearly, you don’t want to feed
8:08heavily in the first week or two.
8:11When I put a few fish in
8:13there, I do not put food in there.
8:15I don’t put food in for the first week.
8:18None of any kind.
8:20They will be picking away on the plant or
8:23whatever is on the bottom.
8:25The fish will find food.
8:27And if you don’t believe me, watch them
8:30pooping in that week you’re not feeding.
8:32They will be pooping.
8:34And the only way they can
8:35poop is if they’re eating.
8:37So then begin feeding
8:39every week at a few more fish.
8:42I do lighting 24-7 for the first at least
8:47two weeks, if not a month,
8:50in order to give the plants
8:51a real head start, in order to make sure
8:54that all the organics in
8:56there are able to do whatever
8:58photosynthesis they need to do and gain
9:01the benefit of the light
9:02cycle that first couple of weeks.
9:05After that, you can back up on it.
9:07If you start getting algae,
9:09put more plants in. If you get
9:10algae, it means you don’t have enough
9:12plants because plants take
9:14nutrients out of the water
9:17before algae does.
9:20I find that it makes me feel better if I
9:25do a 10% water change in my
9:28tank two or three times a year.
9:31Whether I really need to do that or not,
9:35I’m not at all certain, but
9:37I do it because it gives me
9:39a comfort level.
9:41That’s how you set the tank up.
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